Graphic Design Tutorials For Beginners
Not to waste much time I’ll start right away, because recently we stopped at the introduction and now we are focusing on Graphic Design Tutorials For Beginners.
COLORS
So we would be looking at Colours today
What is Colour?
Color, or colour, is the characteristic of visual perception described through color categories, with names such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, or purple.
Spellings:
Colour(British) or Color(American)
When we talk about colour, let’s first establish that no object has any colour if it’s own
The colour of any things is basically dependent on the light falls upon it Physically, objects can be said to have the color of the light leaving their surfaces, which normally depends on the spectrum of the incident illumination and the reflectance properties of the surface, as well as potentially on the angles of illumination and viewing.
What it means is that aside objects that produce light in themselves like a bulb other objects derive their colours from the light that is shining on it.
Let me talk about light a bit for better understanding. The light that comes from the sun is called white light It is the colourless daylight that we all see each day.
But it contains a mixture of all the wavelengths of colour that can be seen with the human eyes
The spectrum of colours that can be seen with the human eyes is called the visible spectrum
So…White light is defined as the complete mixture of all of the wavelengths of the visible spectrum. This means that if I have beams of light of all of the colors of the rainbow and focus all of the colors onto a single spot, the combination of all of the colors will result in to the most obvious source of white light in our solar system.
See Also: Graphic Design Tips For Beginners (Introduction)
As for artificial sources, fluorescent light bulbs and white LEDs produce white light.
These colors in white light can be seen if the light is passed through a triangular glass prism
When light hits an object, it is either transmitted, absorbed, and/or reflected when an object reflects light it means that the light bounces off its surface and into other surfaces.
If it absorbs it then most likely it converts it to energy, that is why we say that black clothes absorb light and thus can cause heat because the light absorbed is converted to heat energy.
Transition of light occurs when the light goes through the object and reaches another point without being absorbed or reflected. Glasses are a typical type of objects that transmits light. We see objects because part of the light that falls on it are reflected into our eyes.
So all objects need to reflect some amount of light to be seen by the eyes.
So if there is no light to fall on the object so that it can reflect it, then they can’t be seen. That is why it is difficult to see any object when there is no light if you are in a dark room with a torch light, only the object that is receiving the light from the torch that can reflect it and thus be seen. Remember that light is made up of different spectrums of colour.
When the light falls on the object, some of the colours in the light are absorbed by the object and the one that is reflected back into our eyes is then perceived as the colour of the object.
If the light source is changed and replaced with a different light source having different color spectrum, then the object would have different colours under each circumstance. Take for example a disco hall, night club or even a boutique with a coloured lighting source.
You would notice that the colour of every object under the coloured light changes as the colour of the light that falls on it changes.
So a clothe might look red inside a night club with a blue light and look green under another light source.
You would notice that the colour of every object under the coloured light changes as the colour of the light that falls on it changes.
So a clothe might look red inside a night club with a blue light and look green under another light source.
Why most of the colours of objects seem to be consistent is because our general source of light on earth is the sun, so that is our reference point.
So in a nutshell…When light falls upon an object some of it will be reflected, some of it absorbed, and the remainder will be transmitted.
Most of the objects we observe are seen by the light that they reflect towards the eye, and their different surface appearances depend on the nature of this reflection.
When it comes to design, this knowledge becomes handy because as a designer the way you see colours is peculiar
And the surfaces on which we as designers view our designs differ on how they interact with light.
Classification Of Colors Or Color Modes
Now in design there are some major classification of colors or color modes
The first is:
RGB
RGB stands for Red, Blue and Green
RGB are additive colors and are what we see when we look at our computer monitors and televisions screens. The tiny dots that make up our displays are composed of RGB information. The RGB color space is very large and is ideal for images that would be used for web and presentation purposes.
So when creating a design for web, mobile, generally digital devices you would make your design in the RGB mode.
CMYK
CMYK stands for Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black.
CMYK are subtractive colors and are the standard ink colors for printing. This means that whenever we print an image, we are using CMYK inks to produce the print.
Printers are made to interpret and reproduce colours in the CYMK mode so the ink jacks are made of those colours. Professional printers or publishers require that images for print must be converted to CMYK before being printed
So when you design for print, to ensure that the colour remains the same on printed material just as it was on the screen, you would need to design and save in the CMYK color mode.
Most Important Colour Modes For Design
These are the two most important colour modes for design
But the rest includes:
GRAYSCALE
Grayscale is a range of shades of gray only. Since gray is the combination of white and black, hence, it does not have any other color as part of its color mode. It values with 256 shades of Gray ranging between 0 (Black) to 255 (Pure White) in an 8-bit image.
INDEXED COLOUR MODE
The Indexed color mode is a range of exactly 256 colors and produces an 8-bit image. Apart from the photoshop palettes, you can make your own palette with Indexed color
and there is also the:
- Bitmap color mode
- Lab color mode
- Duotone color mode and
- Multichannel color mode.
But they are not too relevant to what we have to do, so we won’t be discussing them.
That will be all for today.
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